# Lined wall system

> Anchored layered refractory wall systems for fired heaters, reformers and boilers, referencing ASTM C401, API 936 and API 560, and what a lining request needs.

URL: https://jjprojectsok.com/products/refractory/lined-wall-section  
Español: https://jjprojectsok.com/es/products/refractory/lined-wall-section  
Updated: 2026-10-16

Layered lining of shell, insulating layer and hot face, anchored to the steel for fired equipment.

**In short:** Layered lining of shell, insulating layer and hot face, anchored to the steel for fired equipment. JJ Projects sources it to the specification the buyer names. Typical reference, standards: ASTM C401 (castable classification), API 936 (installation quality control), API 560 (fired heaters).

## Specification references

- Standards: ASTM C401 (castable classification), API 936 (installation quality control), API 560 (fired heaters)
- Layers: Insulating layer and dense hot face, per the lining design
- Applications: Fired heaters, reformers, boilers, furnaces and reactors

> Typical references only. The governing specification is the one on your purchase order or datasheet.

## Typical uses

- Linings of fired heaters and furnaces
- Steam reformers, boilers and incinerators
- Reactors, ducts and transfer lines with high-temperature gas
- Relining during turnarounds

## What to include in a request

A request with these details can be quoted without a round of questions. Send what you have and we will ask for the rest.

1. Equipment type and service: heater, reformer, boiler, furnace or reactor
2. Operating and design temperatures of the hot face and the allowable shell temperature
3. Lining design: layers, thickness and materials, for example dense castable hot face over insulating castable or board
4. Castable classification, such as ASTM C401, and the products specified
5. Anchor system and layout, and the surface areas to line
6. Application method, curing and dry-out requirements, and installation quality control such as API 936
7. Documents: material data sheets and test reports required

[Request this item](https://jjprojectsok.com/request-a-quote?item=lined-wall-section)

## Questions

### Why does a lining have more than one layer?

A dense hot face layer resists the process temperature, abrasion and chemical attack, while an insulating layer behind it lowers heat loss and keeps the steel shell cooler. The lining design sets the layers for each zone.

### What is dry-out?

Dry-out is the controlled first heating of a new lining that removes free and chemically bound water slowly. Heating too fast can build steam pressure and crack or spall the lining. The refractory manufacturer gives the heating schedule.

### What do ASTM C401 and API 560 refer to?

ASTM C401 classifies castable refractories by their properties. API 560 is the standard for fired heaters for general refinery service. They appear in lining specifications as references, and the project specification names which apply.

## Related items

- [Refractory anchor](https://jjprojectsok.com/products/refractory/v-anchor): Metallic and ceramic refractory anchors, including V-type, that hold monolithic linings to the shell, with API 936 installation control and request details.
- [Firebrick](https://jjprojectsok.com/products/refractory/firebrick-stack): Fireclay and high-alumina firebrick and insulating firebrick sourced to ASTM C27 and C155, in straights and special shapes, and request details.
- [Shell-and-tube heat exchanger](https://jjprojectsok.com/products/valves-process-equipment/shell-tube-exchanger): Shell-and-tube heat exchangers fabricated to your thermal datasheet to TEMA and ASME Section VIII, and what the request needs, by TEMA type and tubes.

## Guides

- [Refractory lining basics: materials, anchors](https://jjprojectsok.com/knowledge/refractory-lining-basics): How refractory linings work in heaters, boilers and reformers: dense and insulating castables, firebrick, ceramic fiber, anchors, and why dry-out matters.
- [Industrial procurement process, step by step](https://jjprojectsok.com/knowledge/industrial-procurement-process): How industrial procurement works, step by step: requirement, RFQ, bid tabulation, evaluation, award, PO, expediting, inspection, logistics and delivery.

[All refractory](https://jjprojectsok.com/products/refractory)